Bio-implication of Environmentally Exposed Malted Product (Canned and Plastic Maltina) on Some Biochemical Indices of Albino-Rats

Environmentally exposed carbonated drinks have no biological value, rather a long-term damaging effect when accumulated in the tissues as discovered in this work. This research was carried out to investigate the biochemical effect of exposing non-alcoholic drinks to direct sunlight or adverse environmental conditions. The experimental set up was made up of maltina products consisting of the exposed (Canned and plastic) sample to sunlight for period of fifteen days alongside the unexposed sample as control. Proximate analysis was carried out on the maltina samples. Environmental exposure effect on the product was investigated on animal model experiment. Twenty-four (24) male rats of wistar strain weighing 120 - 140g divided into four (4) groups of six rats, each. Assessment of liver marker enzymatic; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkali phosphatase (ALP); and non-enzymatic (albumin and bilirubin) parameters were investigated. The proximate analysis, vitamins and mineral evaluation showed a decrease in the protein, vitamins and calcium content upon exposure. Assessment of the liver function in rat’s serum of the experimental groups showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in ALP, AST, ALT and bilirubin, decrease in the albumin level compared with the control unexposed maltina sample groups. The findings showed that environmentally exposed maltina elicit adverse biochemical and physical changes and therefore portends greater long term toxicological effect with deleterious action.